Commercial models move risk between the enterprise and the provider.
A purchase model, revenue share, guarantee, consignment, managed service, or hybrid can all be rational, but each changes working capital, downside exposure, settlement timing, and upside participation.
- Purchase can increase provider working-capital exposure.
- Revenue share can preserve shared upside while delaying final settlement.
- Guarantees can transfer downside risk to the provider.
- Consignment can reduce purchase exposure while changing customer timing.